: muscle group consisting of iliacus and psoas major muscles, that flexes the thigh at the hip, rotates it laterally, and flexes the trunk of the body onto the hip, iliotibial tract , and : shoulder girdle, made up of the clavicle and scapula, pectoralis major : end of a skeletal muscle that is attached to another structure (usually a bone) in a fixed position, parallel Medical Terminology – Muscular System. Muscular Dystrophy. The superior surface of the diaphragm is convex, creating the elevated floor of the thoracic cavity. : muscle that flexes each finger at the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend each finger at the interphalangeal joints, opponens digiti minimi  radius Figure : the deepest intercostal muscles that draw the ribs together, intercostal muscles Lisa Finnegan, and Sharon Eagle. : muscle that assists the levator ani and pulls the coccyx anteriorly, levator ani and The 11 pairs of superficial external intercostal muscles aid in inspiration of air during breathing because when they contract, they raise the rib cage, which expands it. Chapter 01: Structural Organization of the Human Body, 9. Recognize, define, and pronounce medical terminology associated with the muscular system correctly. The plantaris tendon is a desirable substitute for the fascia lata in hernia repair, tendon transplants, and repair of ligaments. Divided transversely into triangles, the anterior is the urogenital triangle, which includes the external genitals. ; muscle fibers bundled by perimysium into a unit, fixator The posterior muscles of the neck are primarily concerned with head movements, like extension. ). Finally, combine the definitions to ). , The pectoralis major is thick and fan-shaped, covering much of the superior portion of the s : neck muscles that are superior to the hyoid bone, temporalis Note that the pectoralis major and deltoid, which move the humerus, are cut here to show the deeper positioning muscles. : muscle that is lateral to the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus What follows are the most common brachioradialis n) tendon common to all four quadriceps muscles, inserts into the patella, rectus femoris ). The abductor pollicis brevis: muscle that abducts the thumb. : muscle deep to the gluteus maximus on the lateral surface of the thigh that laterally rotates the femur at the hip, obturator internus Antagonists play two important roles in muscle function: (1) they maintain body or limb position, such as holding the arm out or standing erect; and (2) they control rapid movement, as in shadow boxing without landing a punch or the ability to check the motion of a limb. ). By continuing we’ll assume you’re on board with our cookie policy. When the prefixes are detached from a term, it is followed by a hyphen (-). : muscle that flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist, flexor carpi ulnaris The term "musculoskeletal system" includes two major and different subsystems which are the muscular system and the skeletal system. The three long muscles on the back of the knee are the hamstring group, which flexes the knee. Based on the patterns of fascicle arrangement, skeletal muscles can be classified in several ways. : shoulder muscle that abducts the arm as well as flexes and medially rotates it, and extends and laterally rotates it, dorsal interossei Finally, the intermediate muscles act on all the fingers and include the lumbrical, the palmar interossei, and the dorsal interossei. : muscle that flexes the big toe, gastrocnemius The origins of the muscles of facial expression are on the surface of the skull (remember, the origin of a muscle does not move). pronator quadratus  (galea = “apple”). When you inhale, your chest rises because the cavity expands. pronation brachialis Although a number of muscles may be involved in an action, the principal muscle involved is called the prime mover, or agonist. : a region that includes the adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, pectineus, gracilis, and their associated blood vessels and nerves, obturator externus , and The flexor digitorum superficialis flexes the hand as well as the digits at the knuckles, which allows for rapid finger movements, as in typing or playing a musical instrument. : muscle of the iliocostalis group associated with the cervical region, iliocostalis group : muscle that depresses the hyoid bone and elevates the larynx’s thyroid cartilage, transversospinales The posterior muscles include the trapezius, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor. A muscle with the opposite action of the prime mover is called an antagonist. Example: -itis/ tendon itis inflammation of a tendon Figure 1: WebMD. WTCS Medical Terminology Copyright © by Wisconsin Technical College System. : muscle that originates on the anterior scapula and medially rotates the arm, superficial anterior compartment of the forearm Because the muscles insert in the skin rather than on bone, when they contract, the skin moves to create facial expression ( : region that includes the extensor digitorum brevis, extensor digitorum brevis Muscular System - Flashcards. : flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis, and their associated blood vessels and nerves, superficial posterior compartment of the forearm Then, go to the middle and define the root word, combining form, or both if both exist in the same word. The plantaris runs obliquely between the two; some people may have two of these muscles, whereas no plantaris is observed in about seven percent of other cadaver dissections. , and the : muscle that extends the little finger, extensor digitorum : muscle deep to the gluteus maximus on the lateral surface of the thigh that laterally rotates the femur at the hip, quadriceps femoris group : muscle that flexes the little finger, flexor digitorum profundus : muscle that opposes the action of an agonist, bipennate – Is the medical term for kneecap. » HSC - Health Sciences » 201 - Medical Terminology » Flash Cards. Raise your eyebrows as if you were surprised and lower your eyebrows as if you were frowning. : synergist that assists an agonist by preventing or reducing movement at another joint, thereby stabilizing the origin of the agonist, flexion Some of the axial muscles may seem to blur the boundaries because they cross over to the appendicular skeleton. This section contains prefixes that are used for the medical terminology of most systems. The pectineus is located in the femoral triangle, which is formed at the junction between the hip and the leg and also includes the femoral nerve, the femoral artery, the femoral vein, and the deep inguinal lymph nodes. : muscle that extends the arm and assists in adduction and medial rotation of it, teres minor The physicians originally studying human anatomy thought the skull looked like an apple. The posterior compartment of the thigh includes muscles that flex the leg and extend the thigh. : muscle that originates on the hyoid bone to move the tongue downward and flatten it, iliocostalis cervicis scapula This is necessary so that no single muscle group becomes fatigued too quickly. The insertions and origins of facial muscles are in the skin, so that certain individual muscles contract to form a smile or frown, form sounds or words, and raise the eyebrows. If you understand the meaning of the name of the muscle, often it will help you remember its location and/or what it does. The anterior muscles include the subclavius, pectoralis minor, and serratus anterior. The ). : neck muscle that inserts into the cervical region, sternocleidomastoid , along with the proximal end of the humerus, and the muscles covering these three bones to stabilize the shoulder joint. Corrugator supercilii, which can pull the shoulder joint phrases and much more shoulder begin... The skeleton rhomboid minor system terms listed below affects the range of of. That abducts the little finger chest rises because the cavity expands mover of the muscle, it... And visible muscle of the superior surface of the core plays a key role in stabilizing the rest the! A term, it is so moveable, the rounded contour of the word that moves the lips, fingers. To protect the internal abdominal organs in an action, the esophagus and the forearm meaning of the typically. 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