[196], Linda Woodhead of Lancaster University wrote of the survey Francis initiated, "it's not a survey in any sense that a social scientist would recognize." [151] The Habemus papam announcement was delivered by the cardinal protodeacon, Jean-Louis Tauran. This consistory was noteworthy for the fact that, with the pope continuing the trend of elevating cardinals from a diverse range of areas, no cardinals elevated are of the Roman Curia, and one was a mere auxiliary bishop. In 2019 Francis' apostolic constitution Episcopalis communio allowed that the final document of a synod may become magisterial teaching simply with papal approval. [121] Kirchner considered Bergoglio as a political rival to the day he died in October 2010. [70] It was celebrated weekly. He is the first Jesuit Pope of this City. [408] It includes extensive sections of interviews as well as stock footage from archives. Upon Quarracino's death on 28 February 1998, Bergoglio became metropolitan archbishop of Buenos Aires. When he traveled to Rome for the ceremony, he and his sister María Elena visited the village in northern Italy where their father was born. [204] In January 2014, Francis replaced four of the five cardinal overseers of the Vatican Bank, who had been confirmed in their positions in the final days of Benedict XVI's papacy. [367][368] In the news media, both faithful and non-believers often refer to a "honeymoon" phase in which the Pope has changed the tone on Catholic doctrines and supposedly initiated ecclesiastical reform in the Vatican. Pope Francis was happy to hear that Prof Emeka Francis Ezeonu and wife Dr (Mrs) Nkoli Jane Ezeonu were celebrating their silver jubilee of marriage. He is the first pope since Pope Pius X to live outside the papal apartments. [46], He spent several months at the Sankt Georgen Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology in Frankfurt, Germany, considering possible dissertation topics. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The Alinskyite left in America regards that book as a classic. [160][161][162] He explained that, as it was becoming clear during the conclave voting that he would be elected the new bishop of Rome, the Brazilian Cardinal Cláudio Hummes had embraced him and whispered, "Don't forget the poor", which had made Bergoglio think of the saint. Sexual relationships were generally undertaken therefore outside th… [64], On 6 November 1998, while remaining archbishop of Buenos Aires, he was named ordinary for those Eastern Catholics in Argentina who lacked a prelate of their own church. During his 15 years as archbishop of Buenos Aires, Pope Francis never sought the title for any of his priests. [353], On 6 June 2015, Pope Francis visited Sarajevo, the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The first eleven were under the age of eighty, and therefore, were eligible to vote in a future papal conclave while the last three were over the age of eighty, and thus, ineligible to vote in a papal conclave. This joint statement is concerned with how different faiths can live peaceably in the same world and areas. Bergoglio was the son of Italian immigrants to Argentina. Religion News Service. [116], The Justicialist Party won the 2001 elections and got the majority in the Congress, and appointed Ramón Puerta as president of the Senate. Controversy arose at the end of 2016 when four cardinals formally asked Pope Francis for clarifications, particularly on the issue of giving communion to divorced and civilly remarried Catholics.[213]. Two new appointees were from Muslim majority countries (Morocco and Indonesia), while two others were known for their work on refugee and migration issues. [115] Argentina faced an economic depression at the time, and the Church criticized the fiscal austerity of the government, which increased poverty. Antonio Primaldo and his 812 companions who had been executed by the Ottomans in 1480,[224] as well as the religious sisters Laura of St. Catherine of Siena and María Guadalupe García Zavala – in this first canonization he surpassed the record of Pope John Paul II in canonizing the most saints in a pontificate. [53], In 2000, Bergoglio was the only church official to reconcile with Jerónimo Podestá, a former bishop who had been suspended as a priest after opposing the Argentine Revolution military dictatorship in 1972. [17][18] Two great-nephews, Antonio and Joseph, died in a traffic collision. Francis created thirteen new cardinals on 28 November 2020; nine appointees were under the age of 80, therefore, could vote in a future papal conclave. [328], In November 2020, Francis named China's Uyghur minority among a list of the world's persecuted peoples. Login to add information, pictures and relationships, join in discussions and get credit for your contributions. He was named archbishop of Buenos Aires (a post he held until his election to the papacy) in 1998 and was consecrated a cardinal in 2001. Of that total number at the time of their elevation, 13 were under the age of eighty and four were over the age of eighty. The constitution also allowed for laity to contribute input directly to the synod's secretary general. [214], On 8 December 2017, Pope Francis signed a new apostolic constitution on ecclesiastical universities and faculties Veritatis gaudium, published 29 January 2018. degrees in English and American studies from the Pennsylvania State University and an M.A. [26][27] In that capacity, he spent several years working in the foods section of Hickethier-Bachmann Laboratory[28] where his boss was Esther Ballestrino. Pope says it's because he's tone-deaf", "Pope Francis to live in Vatican guesthouse, not papal apartments", "Pope Francis opts for Vatican guesthouse instead of spacious papal apartment", "Habemus Papam! [122] The campaign to enact same-sex marriage legislation was a particularly tense period in their relations. While the timing of the closure may have anticipated a visit by Francis to the U.S. in September 2015, it was noted that the sisters' emphasis is close to that of Francis. But in this part of the world, married priests are the norm. [302] In 2018, Francis acknowledged he had made "grave errors" in judgment about Barros, apologized to the victims and launched a Vatican investigation that resulted in the resignation of Barros and two other Chilean bishops. [308] They submitted five "dubia" (doubts), and requested a yes or no answer. [381], Pope Francis presided over his first joint public wedding ceremony in a Nuptial Mass for 20 couples from the Archdiocese of Rome on 14 September 2014, just a few weeks before the start of the 5–19 October Extraordinary Synod of Bishops on the Family. [7] He was the eldest[9] of five children of Mario José Bergoglio (1908–1959) and Regina María Sívori (1911–1981). During a visit by Dutch bishops in December 2013, Francis prayed for victims of sexual abuse and urged the bishops to reach out to them and their families. After studying in high school to become a chemical technician, he worked briefly in the food-processing industry but felt called to the church. [349] The cave under the Church of the Nativity caught fire the night after his visit. [259] Three of his appointees were only priests upon their nomination, therefore, two (Gambetti and Feroci) received their episcopal consecration, while one (Cantalamessa) was granted a papal dispensation from it. [250], Benedict XVI also attended the second consistory on 14 February 2015, at which Francis elevated 20 new cardinals, with 15 under the age of eighty and five over the age of eighty. [87] La Stampa reported that Bergoglio was in close contention with Ratzinger during the election, until he made an emotional plea that the cardinals should not vote for him. He lived in a small apartment, rather than in the elegant bishop's residence in the suburb of Olivos. [34] He chose as his episcopal motto Miserando atque eligendo. [226][227], The pope approved further equipollent canonizations on 3 April 2014 for the Jesuit José de Anchieta as well as the Ursuline nun Marie of the Incarnation and bishop François de Laval. [306] Francis had written that "It is important that the divorced who have entered a new union should be made to feel part of the Church." The family is threatened by growing efforts on the part of some to redefine the very institution of marriage. He is also the first pope in more than a millennium who is not European. [136] Also in March, Pablo Buera, the mayor of La Plata, Argentina, announced that the city had renamed a section of a street leading up to a local cathedral Papa Francisco. Most of the Argentine society cheered it, but the pro-government newspaper Página/12 published renewed allegations about the Dirty War, and the president of the National Library described a global conspiracy theory. 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