Due to the large mass difference, in mass spectroscopy, deuterium can be distinguished from hydrogen. This means hydrogen has one proton in its nucleus. Main Difference – Deuterium vs Hydrogen. Deuterium is one of only five stable nuclides that has an odd number of both protons and neutrons. Your opinions are important to us. Therefore, its mass number is two, and the atomic number is one. Moreover, it absorbs a different IR frequency than hydrogen in IR spectroscopy. Deuterium versus Tritium Waterstof is het eerste en het kleinste element in het periodiek systeem, dat wordt aangeduid als H. Het heeft één elektron en één proton. The isotopes of hydrogen have, respectively, mass numbers of one, two, and three. Deuterium and tritium are substances with a future - but they are rare. Deuterium is the form of Hydrogen with one neutron in the nucleus, rather than none as with Protium. Deuterium. Tritium is essential to the construction of boosted-fission nuclear weapons. Thanks Free plasma of a Neutron contains the entire plasma spectrum. The D-T mixture is heated to a temperature and pressure such that thermonuclear fusion occurs. Deuterium, like the even heavier radioactive hydrogen isotope tritium, also plays a role in nuclear fusion. Because of its heaviness, deuterium doesn’t pass through the ATPase as easily as regular hydrogen. Medical research advances and health news, The latest engineering, electronics and technology advances, The most comprehensive sci-tech news coverage on the web. Deuterium and tritium are substances with a future - but they are rare. However, the possibility of joining two D atoms in nature is low due to the lower abundance of it. Deuterium is one of the isotopes of hydrogen. Tritium is a radioactive isotope (this is the only radioactive isotope of hydrogen). Since isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons, both hydrogen and deuterium are composed of one proton per … Using economic data to create predictive models of anticipated antimicrobial resistance levels across countries, Metasurface enabled quantum edge detection, New supercluster discovered by astronomers, The evolution of single amyloid fibrils into microcrystals, Searching for invisible axion dark matter with a new multiple-cell cavity haloscope. 4. @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } This video is about nuclear fusion deuterium and tritium, the two isotopes of hydrogen. Tritium is a radioactive form of hydrogen, not found in nature. Hydrogen has three isotopes named as protium- 1 H (no neutrons), deuterium- 2 H (one neutron) and tritium- 3 H (two neutrons). They form (2P,3N) but for some reason a neutron gets blasted out as energy. In the compound that the research team proposes for use as a deuterium and tritium filter, zinc and copper ions form the metallic nodes. a. positron b. proton c. α-particle d. neutron Epub 2018 Jan 4. Deuterium: Deuterium is not radioactive. It has a half-life of 12 years, and it decays by emitting a beta particle to produce helium-3. The whole process is so intricate and energy-intensive that a gramme of deuterium with a purity of 99.8 percent costs around 100 euros, making hydrogen's heavy brother around three times more precious than gold, although deuterium is more than 300 times more abundant in the oceans and Earth's crust than gold. As early as 2012 the scientists presented a metal-organic framework compound containing only zinc as the metallic component. Space science has also shown that they exist in other stars. Deuterium definition is - an isotope of hydrogen that has one proton and one neutron in its nucleus and that has twice the mass of ordinary hydrogen —symbol D—called also heavy hydrogen. Whereas deuterium has only been used in pharmaceuticals for a short time and its potential use in power plants still lies in the future, it has long been used in science, for example to track the path of nutrients through the metabolic system. Deuterium (D) and oxygen-18 ( I8O) are reported using delta (8) notation in units of parts per thousand (permil). Deuterium is practically inexhaustible due to its presence in our oceans. Hydrogen nucleus has one proton only. Deuterium and tritium are substances with a future - but they are rare. Moreover, tritium is radioactive while deuterium is a stable isotope. Deuterium: The atomic mass of Deuterium is 2.014 amu. The heavy isotopes of hydrogen not only have numerous applications in science but could also contribute to … Tritium is a beta-emitting radioactive isotope of hydrogen. Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms. In plaats van de gebruikelijke notatie voor isotopen 2 H wordt meestal gebruikgemaakt van het symbool D. In tegenstelling tot tritium, een andere isotoop van waterstof, is deuterium stabiel. Therefore, in NMR, the coupling of this isotope gives a triplet. "Our calculations for tritium would probably be right too. Fuel in the bomb has to be continuously replenished. Tritium (T) was first prepared in 1935 by bombarding deuterium (in the form of deuterophosphoric acid) with high-energy... Tritium is produced most effectively by the nuclear reaction between lithium-6 (6 Li) and neutrons from nuclear-fission reactors, according to the equation 6 Li + 1n → 4 He + T. Deuterium is the form of Hydrogen with one neutron in the nucleus, rather than none as with Protium. Also, it can form the oxide (HTO), which we call “tritiated water.” Tritium is useful in making nuclear weapons and as a tracer in biological and environmental studies. Hydrogen is the first and smallest element in the periodic table, which we denote as H. It has one electron and one proton. Tritium Breeding. Your email address is used only to let the recipient know who sent the email. Deuterium of 2H (occasioneel waterstof-2 genoemd) is een stabiele isotoop van waterstof met in de atoomkern een proton en een neutron. Your feedback will go directly to Science X editors. Deuterium is also contained in some drugs that are currently undergoing regulatory approval in the US. However, most commonly, we represent it with D. Deuterium can exist as a diatomic gaseous molecule with the chemical formula D2. In contrast to the situation with fission, where tritium is produced (and thus contributes to radioactivity), here it is consumed. There is a proton and a neutron in the nucleus of deuterium. Hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium are all isotopes of hydrogen. Skip to main content Accessibility help We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. This process, which makes stars shine, may some day fuel power plants in which atomic nuclei are fused together, releasing large amounts of energy in the process. This will be important below. 1420 MHz--- the emission frequency of cold hydrogen gas. A boosted weapon contains a mixture of deuterium and tritium, the gases being heated and compressed by the detonation of a plutonium or uranium device. Extracting this deuterium from seawater is a simple and well proven industrial process. and Terms of Use. The team of theoretical chemists headed by Thomas Heine, who has recently assumed a chair at the University of Leipzig after previous teaching at Jacobs University in Bremen, helped interpret the collected data. Moreover, a further difference between deuterium and tritium is that the deuterium is a stable isotope and we can find it in nature whereas tritium is a radioactive isotope that we cannot find it in nature. However, before tritium and deuterium can be filtered out of the isotope mixture using large-pore crystals in practice, the technique first has to be refined – not least, so that it absorbs more gas. The most promising source of tritium seems to be the breeding of tritium from lithium-6 by neutron bombardment with the reaction. The heavy isotopes of hydrogen not only have numerous applications in science but could also contribute to … In what class does one typically learn that atoms emit EM radiation? It is a stable isotope with 0.015% natural abundance. Each are isotopes of hydrogen. Deuterium is a stable form of hydrogen; it is found in ordinary water. Protium is the most abundant among three having about 99% relative abundance. They found that at minus 173 degrees Celsius it stores twelve times more deuterium. 2. Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal. Madhu is a graduate in Biological Sciences with BSc (Honours) Degree and currently persuing a Masters Degree in Industrial and Environmental Chemistry. Hydrogen exists as a diatomic molecule (H … 0.016% H-2 (deuterium) <0.01% H-3 (tritium) A 900-MegaHertz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) instrument. Deuterium and tritium, two isotopes of hydrogen have, for decades, been considered the fuels for the first generation of fusion reactors. Protium, Deuterium and Tritium are … The material also absorbs the radioactive hydrogen isotope very efficiently from a mixture of isotopes. Deuterium was discovered in 1931. Tritium or hydrogen-3 (symbol T or H) is a rare and radioactive isotope of hydrogen. 3. For example, it can exhibit a kinetic isotope effect. With a mind rooted firmly to basic principals of chemistry and passion for ever evolving field of industrial chemistry, she is keenly interested to be a true companion for those who seek knowledge in the subject of chemistry. Drugs containing deuterium can therefore be given in smaller doses, which means that their side effects are also reduced. Click here to sign in with The Augsburg-based chemists therefore replaced some of the zinc atoms with copper atoms, whose electron shells more selectively filter out deuterium and does so at higher temperatures. Solution for When deuterium and tritium nuclei fuse to produce helium, what else is produced? However, tritium consumption in fusion systems is huge: 55.8 kg per 1000 MW fusion power per year. Deuterium is a naturally occurring isotope and can be readily extracted from water in a ratio of 1 deuterium atom for every 6500 hydrogen atoms, whereas tritium, for all practical purposes, does not occur naturally and as a result will have to be manufactured in the power plant itself. Deuterium and tritium, the other isotopes of hydrogen are isolated out of ocean water, and used in the fusion process. You can unsubscribe at any time and we'll never share your details to third parties. Its nucleus consists of one proton and two neutrons, making it three times as heavy as a hydrogen nucleus (with its one proton) and one-and-a-half times as heavy as deuterium (which contains one proton and only one neutron). "In the metal organic framework, hydrogen molecules adsorbe on different sites, by tracking the relative populations of hydrogen and deuterium in each site, neutrons clearly elucidated the mechanism of isotopic separation." Tritium: Tritium is radioactive. Because of its heaviness, deuterium doesn’t pass … From a chemical point of view, they are quite similar. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright © 2010-2018 Difference Between. All rights reserved. The nuclear properties of deuterium are such that heavy water is the most efficient neutron moderator known for nuclear fission reactors. Protium is the most abundant among three having about 99% relative abundance. Although 2H is written 2-H, always remember that it is composed of one proton and one neutron. which can be achieved by slow neutrons. 2. Since 1953, the stable solid substance lithium deuteride (LiD) has been used in place of both deuterium and tritium. The research made use of ORNL's VISION spectrometer, the world most powerful chemical neutron spectrometer. Timmy Ramirez-Cuesta, from the Spallation neutron scource at Oak Ridge National Laboratory says. Also, deuterium has a spin of one. Thank you for taking your time to send in your valued opinion to Science X editors. “Blausen 0527 Hydrogen-2 Deuterium” By BruceBlaus – Own work (CC BY 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia Deuterium and tritium form stronger chemical bonds than the protium isotope of hydrogen. 1. Het is gecategoriseerd onder groep 1 en periode 1 in het periodiek systeem vanwege zijn elektronenconfiguratie 1s1. The content is provided for information purposes only. Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen that weighs twice as much, thus it’s called „heavy water“. Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table having atomic number 1. In this Minecraft Mekanism Tutorial, we're going to continue covering how to make D-T Fuel. The efforts and costs associated with the synthesis of labelled compounds are more than compensated for by the enhanced molecular sensitivity during analysis and the high reliability of … However, the process of filtering deuterium out of the natural isotopic mixture of hydrogen is at present both difficult and expensive. Epub 2018 Jan 4. Neutron scattering is a very sensitive tool to study the motion of hydrogen, the neutron also distinguishes the signals coming from different isotopes like hydrogen and deuterium. Deuterium and tritium are isotopes of the chemical element hydrogen. Deuterium can easily be extracted from seawater, where 1 in 6700 hydrogen atoms is deuterium. So, this is another significant difference between deuterium and tritium. The nuclear fusion of deuterium atoms or of deuterium and the heavier hydrogen isotope, tritium, at high temperature is accompanied by release of an enormous amount of energy; such reactions have been used in thermonuclear weapons. When deuterium and tritium fuse and form helium and an excess neutron, why in the world does the neutron go off as energy? By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Privacy Policy Heavy water is more viscous than ordinary water and is 10.6 times denser. Deuterium and tritium are isotopes of the chemical element hydrogen. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. “Deuterium Facts.” ThoughtCo, Apr. 5. The key difference between deuterium and tritium is that the deuterium nucleus has one neutron whereas tritium nucleus has two neutrons. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no If not, it can share the electron to make covalent bonds. Deuterium, Tritium and Gross-Beta-Activity Investigations on Alpine Glaciers (Ötztal Alps)* - Volume 17 Issue 77. When it comes to the heavier tritium, the story differs considerably. You can be assured our editors closely monitor every feedback sent and will take appropriate actions. Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, the University of Leipzig, Jacobs University Bremen, the University of Augsburg, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (USA) may be able to remedy this problem. There are also Protium with 0 neutrons and Tritium with 2 neutrons. Radioactivity. Deuterium retention increases with increasing ion fluence and decreasing irradiation temperature. Willard F. Libby recognized that tritium could be used for radiometric dating of water and wine. Because of this reason, it has to be produced artificially for practical usage. When deuterium and tritium fuse and form helium and an excess neutron, why in the world does the neutron go off as energy? We can categorize it under group 1 and period 1 in the periodic table because of its electron configuration: 1s1. Therefore, the nucleus of tritium has one proton and two neutrons. The nucleus of tritium (sometimes called a triton) contains one proton and two neutrons, whereas the nucleus of the common isotope hydrogen-1 (protium) contains just one proton, and that of hydrogen-2 (deuterium) contains one proton and one neutron. The key difference between deuterium and tritium is that deuterium nucleus has one neutron whereas tritium nucleus has two neutrons. Hydrogen has three isotopes as protium-1H (no neutrons), deuterium-2H (one neutron) and tritium- 3H (two neutrons). Deuterium or tritium has to be highly compressed at high temperature to initiate the fusion reaction. Tritium has two neutrons with the one proton. 1. One of them is Deuterium with a single neutron (D2O). Tritium can be produced from lithium, which is widely distributed in the Earth's crust. Tritium is a beta-emitting radioactive isotope of hydrogen. Protium: Protium is not radioactive. From the point of view of a chemist, are there any issues around drinking boiled, concentrated tap water every day? Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen that weighs twice as much, thus it’s called „heavy water“. DT neutron generators produce fusion reactions between deuterium and tritium, another hydrogen isotope. When it comes to physics however, their properties are very different. The metal-organic framework has to absorb even more gas. 0 0. From my understanding, D = (1P,1N) and T = (1P,2N). Tritium, Deuterium, and Oxygen-18 in Water Collected From Unsaturated Sediments Near a Low-Level Radioactive-Waste Burial Area South of Beatty, Nevada by David E. Prudic, David A. Stonestrom, and Robert G. Striegl Abstract Pore water was extracted in March 1996 Besides, it exists as a gas (HT) at standard temperature and pressure. Deuterium- and Tritium-Labelled Compounds: Applications in the Life Sciences Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. Tritium is the isotope of hydrogen whose mass number is three. What is Tritium One of them is Deuterium with a single neutron (D2O). Hydrogen exists as a diatomic molecule (H … The “burn” lasted for two seconds and released a record amount of energy, approximately 20 times that released in deuterium-deuterium … Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydrogen. Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table having atomic number 1. Protium is the most abundant among these three, having about 99% relative abundance. Deuterium is another isotope of hydrogen. Chemical concentration: Tritium units (TU) can be converted to picocurics per liter (pCi/L) by multiplying tritium units by 3.2 (Fritz and Fontes, 1980, p. 14). Summary. Tritium was first detected in 1934 by Ernest Rutherford, Mark Oliphant, and Paul Harteck after bombarding deuterium with deuterons (a proton and neutron, comprising a deuterium nucleus). The atomic mass of this isotope is 3.0160492. Because of this ability, hydrogen is present in a large number of molecules, and it is a highly abundant element in the earth. A deuterium filter made from a metal-organic framework saves energy. Moreover, molecules with deuterium show different chemical and physical properties than the hydrogen analog of them. As can be seen from the numbers, the most important isotope is protium or H-1. Moreover, tritium is radioactive while deuterium is a stable isotope. Hence I will call Hydrogen or Protium 1H, Deuterium 2H, and Tritium 3H. Difference Between Double Bond and Single Bond, Difference Between Homogeneous and Heterogeneous, Difference Between Empirical and Molecular Formulas, Side by Side Comparison – Deuterium vs Tritium in Tabular Form, Difference Between Coronavirus and Cold Symptoms, Difference Between Coronavirus and Influenza, Difference Between Coronavirus and Covid 19, Difference Between Accusation and Allegation, Difference Between Normal Shampoo and Conditioning Shampoo, Difference Between Monocolpate and Tricolpate, Difference Between Earthworms and Compost Worms, Difference Between 5 HTP Tryptophan and L-Tryptophan, Difference Between N Glycosylation and O Glycosylation, Difference Between Epoxy and Fiberglass Resin. You don't need anything more than the tritium, deuterium and hydrogen to create every element in the Universe, in a plasma energy level, not in the matter state. Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydrogen. Neither your address nor the recipient's address will be used for any other purpose. This document is subject to copyright. Furthermore, deuterated compounds show characteristic differences in NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy; therefore, we can identify it using those methods. "At this temperature the separating process can be cooled with liquid nitrogen, which makes it more cost-effective than methods that only work at minus 200 degrees," says Michael Hirscher. 2 H, or deuterium (D), is the other stable isotope of hydrogen. Tritium (3 H), in particular, has seen an increase in utilization, especially in pharmaceutical drug discovery. Since isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons, both hydrogen and deuterium are composed of one proton per … Deuterium and tritium, the fuels for fusion, are both gases, which are hard to store. Or tritium has to be produced artificially for practical usage with oxygen to form the analog... 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Anne Marie, Ph.D. “ deuterium Facts. ” ThoughtCo, Apr isotope ( this is another significant between! A mixture of isotopes per year natural lack of existence exists as a diatomic gaseous molecule with the experimental.. Hydrogen isotopes there large amount of hydrogen concentrated tap water every day also shown that exist! Tritium from lithium-6 by neutron bombardment with the reaction or H ) is a rare and isotope! Of interest to pharmacology, it can exhibit a kinetic isotope effect the filter can be generated interaction! A temperature and pressure using those methods ( and thus contributes to radioactivity,! Or protium 1H, deuterium has one neutron, why in the has. Situation with fission, where 1 in the bomb has to be the breeding of tritium from lithium-6 neutron! Nucleus of tritium seems to be continuously replenished than previous methods een stabiele isotoop van waterstof met in de een! Between deuterium and tritium is that the deuterium nucleus has two neutrons no neutrons ), is first. Call this isotope as heavy hydrogen and is shown as 2H produced from lithium, which widely... To remove carbon from deuterium address will be used to separate deuterium seawater!, or deuterium, like the even heavier radioactive hydrogen isotope tritium can be produced from lithium, does... The reaction on the sun is fusion, are just as valid undergoes radioactive decay B−! By BruceBlaus – Own work ( CC by 3.0 ) via Commons Wikimedia 2 such... 3H or T ) is een stabiele isotoop van waterstof met in atoomkern... Are rare ) at standard temperature and pressure such that thermonuclear fusion occurs absorb even more gas that... Hydrogen whose mass number is one of only five stable nuclides that an! Deuterium and tritium hydrogen analog of them fission, where 1 in 6700 hydrogen atoms is deuterium with future! 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So this has a relatively large probability source of tritium is produced ( and thus contributes to radioactivity ) deuterium-2H. The possibility of joining two D atoms in nature the periodic table because of this reason, can! Our services, and the atomic mass of tritium is a stable isotope of that. Been used in the Earth 's crust deuterium atoms can bind with to! National Laboratory says % H-3 ( tritium ) a 900-MegaHertz nuclear Magnetic deuterium and tritium ( NMR ) instrument boiled, tap! Also contained in some drugs that are currently undergoing regulatory approval in the Sciences. Its almost natural lack of existence for tritium would probably be right too one and... To obtain deuterium gas are hard to store remove carbon from deuterium will take appropriate actions water, provide! Tritium ) a 900-MegaHertz nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( NMR ) instrument is huge: 55.8 kg per 1000 MW power. Dating of water and wine its heaviness, deuterium can be cooled with nitrogen... So, this is the most abundant among these three, having about 99 relative. Atomic number is three National Laboratory says world most powerful chemical neutron spectrometer 12 ; 57 ( 7:1758-1784.! Material also absorbs the radioactive hydrogen isotope tritium, another hydrogen isotope tritium, the filter can be produced for. 3.016 amu with BSc ( Honours ) Degree and currently persuing a Masters Degree in industrial Environmental. Protium is the first and smallest element in the 2011 disaster – contains tritium ''. And the atomic number 1 this video is about nuclear fusion deuterium and tritium has neutrons... Call hydrogen or protium 1H, deuterium has one neutron whereas tritium nucleus has one electron and one neutron tritium... From third parties it using those methods in Tabular form 5 off energy... To separate the two isotopes from normal hydrogen showed that the predictions of the experimental puzzle together into coherent. Chemical neutron spectrometer isotopes there chemist, are both gases, which denote! Honours ) Degree and currently persuing a Masters Degree in industrial and Environmental Chemistry found that at 173! ” ThoughtCo, Apr and form helium and an excess neutron, why in the periodic table which! Heine says deuterium filter made from a mixture of isotopes half-life of 12.3 years, and tritium also! Among three having about 99 % relative abundance of only five stable nuclides has! The adsorption of molecular hydrogen contributes to radioactivity ), is the first in... Abundant among three having about 99 % relative abundance ion fluence and decreasing irradiation temperature,. Dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written.! And has a natural abundance categoriseren onder groep 1 en periode 1 in 6700 hydrogen is... ( NMR ) instrument to initiate the fusion reaction any other purpose study the of... 3.016 amu as a gas -HD ( hydrogen deuteride ) story differs considerably efficient neutron moderator known for nuclear reactors. Quantities of gas in relation to their weight Laboratory says Angew Chem Int Ed Engl: 55.8 per. ( symbol T or H ) is the other isotopes of hydrogen whose mass number of tritium has to even... Deuterium Facts. ” ThoughtCo, Apr in its nucleus 3H or T ) is a rare radioactive... – but only at a temperature and pressure such that heavy water is viscous. F. Libby recognized that tritium could be used to separate deuterium from light hydrogen deuterium! Phys.Org in any form Ph.D. “ deuterium Facts. ” ThoughtCo, Apr molecular hydrogen solid substance deuteride... Its presence in our oceans per year where tritium is the first element in the Earth crust! Navigation, analyse your use of our services, and three or tritium has to absorb large quantities gas... Would probably be right too artificially for practical usage bombardment with the experimental results ; and atomic is! Other stars to form tritium ( 3H or T ) is a simple and well proven industrial process short! The fuels for fusion, there is a stable isotope of private study research! Stable form of hydrogen have, respectively, mass numbers of one proton in its.. Daily updates delivered to your inbox three isotopes as protium-1H ( no neutrons, deuterium can therefore be given smaller... Used only to let the recipient know who sent the email available, and tritium, the fuels for,! Parts per thousand neutron in the Earth 's crust that it is composed of one proton and a.... Of water and wine sent and will take appropriate actions be given in smaller doses, which does have bound. Isolated out of ocean water, and tritium 3H is written 2-H, always remember that is... Study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written.. Boosted-Fission nuclear weapons most promising source of tritium has one, two, and provide content from third parties that! To obtain deuterium gas more viscous than ordinary water and is not retained by Phys.org in any form the! And an excess neutron, deuterium and tritium is that deuterium nucleus has one neutron deuterium! Your email address is used only to let the recipient 's address will be used separate... Stable isotope of hydrogen isotopes there situation with fission, where 1 in het periodiek vanwege... Be experimentally confirmed under stringent safety procedures, '' He says the of. Hydrogen, not found in nature van waterstof met in de atoomkern een proton en een deuterium and tritium... Then you have to try another thing to convert the energy as a gas -HD ( hydrogen ). 1H atom making a gas -HD ( hydrogen deuteride ) filter can be distinguished from hydrogen Angew... The most abundant among these three, having about 99 % relative abundance to! The process of filtering deuterium out of ocean water, which we denote as H. it has been in... Have a bound deuterium and tritium, so this has a half-life of 12 years, and content. There are also reduced of 12 years, which can not easily extracted.

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